Grammar Part 1 Past Simple
Part 1: Past Simple Tense
Sentence Types | Structures | Examples |
Declarative Sentence
(ประโยคบอกเล่า) |
verb + ed (or -ed) | Ken worked for the police. |
Negative Sentence
(ประโยคปฏิเสธ) |
did not + verb | James didn’t work for the police. |
Interrogative Sentence
(ประโยคคำถาม) |
did… + verb? | Did they work for the police? |
- Use the past simple to talk about single past completed actions. Often the time is mentioned. (ใช้ past simple กล่าวถึงการกระทำในอดีตที่เสร็จสิ้นแล้ว ซึ่งมักจะระบุช่วงเวลาไว้ด้วย)
Examples:
- A few weeks ago a woman called to report a robbery at her house.
- We all left the party at 11 o’clock.
- Use the past simple to give a series of actions in the order that they happened.
(ใช้ past simple ในการบอกเล่าเรื่องราวที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีต)
Examples:
- The burglar came in through the front door, saw the woman’s handbag, and stole it.
- I went to the cinema, bought a drink and popcorn and watched the movie.
- He entered the classroom, opened his book, and smiled at the students.
- Use the past simple to talk about past repeated actions. (ใช้ past simple ในการกล่าวถึงการกระทำที่เกิดขึ้นซ้ำ ๆ ในอดีต)
Examples:
- Every Saturday I used to go on a long bike ride.
- When her son got older, he learned how to drive a car to visit his friends after school.
- Use the past simple to talk about long-term situations in the past which are no longer true.
(ใช้ past simple ในการกล่าวถึงสถานการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นระยะยาวในอดีต)
Examples:
- Diana worked for the police force for over 17 years.
- Some explorers believed that the world was flat.
The past of verb be (is/am/are) is was/were: (อดีตของ verb be is/am คือ was ส่วน are คือ were)
I/he/she/it was | I was angry. |
You/we/they were | Tom and Tina were late. |
Signal Words (คำที่มักใช้ใน past simple) ได้แก่
- yesterday
- last week
- last night
- ago
- in 2010
Examples:
- I met my aunt two weeks ago for lunch.
- They got home very late last night.
- I didn’t see you yesterday.
With most verbs, the past tense is formed by adding –ed: (คำกริยาส่วนมาก ใน past tense จะเปลี่ยนแปลง โดยการเติม –ed ท้ายคำ)
called liked wanted worked
But there are a lot of irregular past tense forms in English. Here are the most common irregular verbs in English, with their past tense forms: (มีกริยาจำนวนมากใน past tense ที่เปลี่ยนรูปไปเลย สามารถดูตัวอย่างได้ตามตารางข้างล่าง)
Base form | Past tense |
be | was/were |
begin | began |
break | broke |
bring | brought |
buy | bought |
build | built |
choose | chose |
come | came |
cost | cost |
cut | cut |
do | did |
draw | drew |
drive | drove |
eat | ate |
feel | felt |
find | found |
get | got |
Base form | Past tense |
give | gave |
go | went |
have | had |
hear | heard |
hold | held |
keep | kept |
know | knew |
leave | left |
lead | led |
let | let |
lie | lay |
lose | lost |
make | made |
mean | meant |
meet | met |
pay | paid |
put | put |
run | ran |
say | said |
sell | sold |
send | sent |
set | set |
sit | sat |
speak | spoke |
Base form | Past tense |
spend | spent |
stand | stood |
take | took |
teach | taught |
tell | told |
think | thought |
understand | understood |
wear | wore |
win | won |
write | wrote |