Grammar Part 1 Past Simple
Part 1: Past Simple Tense
| Sentence Types | Structures | Examples | 
| Declarative Sentence (ประโยคบอกเล่า) | verb + ed (or -ed) | Ken worked for the police. | 
| Negative Sentence (ประโยคปฏิเสธ) | did not + verb | James didn’t work for the police. | 
| Interrogative Sentence (ประโยคคำถาม) | did… + verb? | Did they work for the police? | 
- Use the past simple to talk about single past completed actions. Often the time is mentioned. (ใช้ past simple กล่าวถึงการกระทำในอดีตที่เสร็จสิ้นแล้ว ซึ่งมักจะระบุช่วงเวลาไว้ด้วย)
Examples:
- A few weeks ago a woman called to report a robbery at her house.
- We all left the party at 11 o’clock.
- Use the past simple to give a series of actions in the order that they happened.
(ใช้ past simple ในการบอกเล่าเรื่องราวที่เกิดขึ้นในอดีต)
Examples:
- The burglar came in through the front door, saw the woman’s handbag, and stole it.
- I went to the cinema, bought a drink and popcorn and watched the movie.
- He entered the classroom, opened his book, and smiled at the students.
- Use the past simple to talk about past repeated actions. (ใช้ past simple ในการกล่าวถึงการกระทำที่เกิดขึ้นซ้ำ ๆ ในอดีต)
Examples:
- Every Saturday I used to go on a long bike ride.
- When her son got older, he learned how to drive a car to visit his friends after school.
- Use the past simple to talk about long-term situations in the past which are no longer true.
(ใช้ past simple ในการกล่าวถึงสถานการณ์ที่เกิดขึ้นระยะยาวในอดีต)
Examples:
- Diana worked for the police force for over 17 years.
- Some explorers believed that the world was flat.
The past of verb be (is/am/are) is was/were: (อดีตของ verb be is/am คือ was ส่วน are คือ were)
| I/he/she/it was | I was angry. | 
| You/we/they were | Tom and Tina were late. | 
Signal Words (คำที่มักใช้ใน past simple) ได้แก่
- yesterday
- last week
- last night
- ago
- in 2010
Examples:
- I met my aunt two weeks ago for lunch.
- They got home very late last night.
- I didn’t see you yesterday.
With most verbs, the past tense is formed by adding –ed: (คำกริยาส่วนมาก ใน past tense จะเปลี่ยนแปลง โดยการเติม –ed ท้ายคำ)
called liked wanted worked
But there are a lot of irregular past tense forms in English. Here are the most common irregular verbs in English, with their past tense forms: (มีกริยาจำนวนมากใน past tense ที่เปลี่ยนรูปไปเลย สามารถดูตัวอย่างได้ตามตารางข้างล่าง)
| Base form | Past tense | 
| be | was/were | 
| begin | began | 
| break | broke | 
| bring | brought | 
| buy | bought | 
| build | built | 
| choose | chose | 
| come | came | 
| cost | cost | 
| cut | cut | 
| do | did | 
| draw | drew | 
| drive | drove | 
| eat | ate | 
| feel | felt | 
| find | found | 
| get | got | 
| Base form | Past tense | 
| give | gave | 
| go | went | 
| have | had | 
| hear | heard | 
| hold | held | 
| keep | kept | 
| know | knew | 
| leave | left | 
| lead | led | 
| let | let | 
| lie | lay | 
| lose | lost | 
| make | made | 
| mean | meant | 
| meet | met | 
| pay | paid | 
| put | put | 
| run | ran | 
| say | said | 
| sell | sold | 
| send | sent | 
| set | set | 
| sit | sat | 
| speak | spoke | 
| Base form | Past tense | 
| spend | spent | 
| stand | stood | 
| take | took | 
| teach | taught | 
| tell | told | 
| think | thought | 
| understand | understood | 
| wear | wore | 
| win | won | 
| write | wrote | 
