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Unit 1 20
Section1
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Lecture1.1
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Quiz1.1
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Quiz1.2
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Quiz1.3
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Quiz1.4
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Quiz1.5
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Quiz1.6
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Quiz1.7
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Quiz1.8
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Lecture1.2
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Quiz1.9
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Lecture1.3
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Quiz1.10
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Quiz1.11
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Lecture1.4
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Quiz1.12
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Lecture1.5
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Quiz1.13
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Lecture1.6
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Quiz1.14
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Unit 2 21
Section2
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Lecture2.1
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Quiz2.1
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Quiz2.2
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Lecture2.2
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Quiz2.3
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Quiz2.4
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Quiz2.5
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Quiz2.6
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Quiz2.7
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Quiz2.8
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Lecture2.3
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Quiz2.9
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Quiz2.10
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Quiz2.11
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Quiz2.12
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Lecture2.4
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Quiz2.13
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Lecture2.5
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Quiz2.14
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Lecture2.6
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Quiz2.15
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Unit 3 24
Section3
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Lecture3.1
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Quiz3.1
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Lecture3.2
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Quiz3.2
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Lecture3.3
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Quiz3.3
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Quiz3.4
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Quiz3.5
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Quiz3.6
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Quiz3.7
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Lecture3.4
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Quiz3.8
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Quiz3.9
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Quiz3.10
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Quiz3.11
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Lecture3.5
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Quiz3.12
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Lecture3.6
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Quiz3.13
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Quiz3.14
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Quiz3.15
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Lecture3.7
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Quiz3.16
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Quiz3.17
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Unit 4 25
Section4
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Lecture4.1
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Quiz4.1
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Quiz4.2
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Lecture4.2
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Quiz4.3
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Quiz4.4
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Quiz4.5
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Quiz4.6
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Quiz4.7
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Quiz4.8
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Lecture4.3
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Quiz4.9
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Quiz4.10
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Quiz4.11
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Quiz4.12
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Lecture4.4
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Quiz4.13
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Quiz4.14
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Quiz4.15
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Lecture4.5
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Quiz4.16
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Lecture4.6
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Quiz4.17
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Quiz4.18
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Quiz4.19
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Unit 5 19
Section5
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Lecture5.1
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Quiz5.1
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Quiz5.2
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Lecture5.2
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Quiz5.3
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Quiz5.4
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Quiz5.5
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Quiz5.6
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Quiz5.7
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Quiz5.8
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Lecture5.3
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Quiz5.9
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Quiz5.10
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Lecture5.4
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Quiz5.11
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Quiz5.12
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Lecture5.5
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Quiz5.13
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Quiz5.14
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Unit 6 18
Section6
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Lecture6.1
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Quiz6.1
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Quiz6.2
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Lecture6.2
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Quiz6.3
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Quiz6.4
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Quiz6.5
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Quiz6.6
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Quiz6.7
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Quiz6.8
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Lecture6.3
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Quiz6.9
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Lecture6.4
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Quiz6.10
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Quiz6.11
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Lecture6.5
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Quiz6.12
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Quiz6.13
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แบบทดสอบหลังเรียนคอร์สภาษาอังกฤษออนไลน์ 1
แบบทดสอบภาษาอังกฤษนี้มีจำนวน 120 ข้อนักศึกษาจะทำกี่ครั้งก็ได้จนกว่าจะผ่าน กำหนดเวลาการทำ 2 ชั่วโมง
Grammar Part 3 Relative Clauses
Part 3: Relative Clauses
A relative clause is one kind of dependent clause. It has a subject and verb, but can’t stand alone as a sentence. It is sometimes called an “adjective clause” because it functions like an adjective—it gives more information about a noun. A relative clause always begins with a “relative pronoun,” which substitutes for a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun when sentences are combined.
(relative clause เป็นประโยคใจความหลักประเภทหนึ่ง ประกอบไปด้วยประธานและกริยา แต่ไม่สามารถวางอยู่ได้ตามลำพัง บางครั้งเราเรียกว่า adjective clause ทำหน้าที่คล้ายคำคุณศัพท์ที่ให้ข้อมูลเกี่ยวกับคำนาม โดยปกติ relative clause จะขึ้นต้นด้วย relative pronoun ซึ่งใช้แทน noun, noun phrase, pronoun เมื่อประโยคถูกรวมเข้าด้วยกัน)
The relative pronouns are:
Subject | Object | Possessive |
who | who/whom | whose |
which | which | whose |
that | that | – |
who | for people | ใช้แทน subject nouns/pronouns (he, she, we, they) |
whom | for people | ใช้แทน object nouns/pronouns (him, her, us, them) |
whose | for people | ใช้แทน possessive nouns/pronouns (his, hers, our, their) |
that | for people or things | ใช้แทนได้ทั้ง subject และ object |
which | for things | ใช้แทนได้ทั้ง subject และ object
|
ตัวอย่างการใช้ relative pronouns
- I like the person who was nice to me.
- I don’t like the dog that bit me.
- We had fish and chips, which I always enjoy.
- This is Lauren, whose brother is married to me.
- This is my sister-in-law, whom you met at the shopping mall last week.
Reducing relative clauses (การลดรูป)
Some types of relative clauses can be “reduced”— the relative pronoun and maybe other words can be removed. (relative clauses บางชนิดสามารถลดรูป relative pronoun ได้)
- Restrictive relative clauses can be reduced in two ways. Restrictive relative clauses
สามารถลดรูปได้ 2 รูปแบบ ดังนี้
- Subject pronouns can be deleted if –ing is added to the verb. (สามารถลดรูป subject
pronouns ได้ในกรณีใช้คำกริยาเติม-ing)
Example:
- I like the paintings that hang in the museum.
I like the paintings hanging in the museum.
- Object pronouns can be deleted. We can leave out the pronoun if it is the object of the relative clause. (เราสามารถละ pronoun ในประโยคได้ในกรณีที่เป็น object ของ relative clause เช่น)
Examples:
- I like the bike that my father gave me.
I like the bike my father gave me.
- This is the house that Jack built.
This is the house Jack built.
- Non-restrictive relative clauses can be reduced in one way. Non-restrictive relative
clauses สามารถลดรูปได้เพียงแบบเดียว ดังนี้
Subject pronouns with “be” verbs can be deleted in non-restrictive clauses. (subject
pronouns ที่ตามด้วย “verb to be” สามารถตัด “verb to be” ออกได้ ในประโยค non-restrictive clauses)
Examples:
- I am moving to Tokyo, which is a wonderful city.
I am moving to Tokyo, a wonderful city.
- My mother, who is an excellent cook, is thinking of opening a restaurant.
My mother, an excellent cook, is thinking of opening a restaurant.